The Woman and The Myth: Margaret Fuller’s Life & Writings (1994)

In the chamber of death I prayed, in very early years. Give me truth Cheat me on by no illusion.
Oh the granting of this prayer is sometimes terrible to me.
I walk over the burning ploughshares, and they do sear my feet.
Yet nothing but truth will do
—1844 Journal, Fruitlands MS

For my parents, and Paul, Katy, and Blue

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
FOREWORD TO THE REVISED EDITION
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
TEXTUAL NOTE TO THE REVISED EDITION
CHRONOLOGY
INTRODUCTION

Part I

The Problem of Identity and Vocation

CONTEMPORARIES ON FULLER

    1. At thirteen, Frederic Henry Hedge [1852]
    2. In the Transcendental Club, William Henry Channing [1852]
    3. Her temperament, Ralph Waldo Emerson [1852]
    4. As a force, Samuel Gray Ward [1850-51]

FULLER’S WRITINGS

    5. On her childhood [1840]
    6. On her mother’s imagined death, no date
    7. To her father, January 16, 1820
    8. To her father, January 5, 1821
    9. On schooling and growth, no date
    10. To Susan Prescott, July 11, 1825
    11. On Harriet Martineau [1835]
    12. On writing fiction, November 1835
    13. On George Sand, no date and 1839
    14. On doubts about writing [circa 1839]
    15. On Bettina Brentano and Karoline von Günderode [circa 1842]
    16. To Beethoven, November 25, 1843
    17. On her dilemma [early 1840s]

Part II

The Friend

CONTEMPORARIES ON FULLER

    1. Her vocation, William Henry Channing [1852]
    2. Her influence on individuals, James Freeman Clarke [1852]
    3. Her “truth-speaking power,” Sarah Freeman Clarke, no date
    4. Her conversion of skeptics, William Henry Channing [1852]
    5. Her character, Elizabeth Hoar, April 3, 1839
    6. Her effect on himself and others, Ralph Waldo Emerson [1852]

FULLER’S WRITINGS

    7. “Mariana,” a story [1844]
    8. To Almira Barlow, November 19, 1830
    9. To James Freeman Clarke [March 28? 1830]
    10. To James Freeman Clarke, July 6, 1832
    11. To James Freeman Clarke, February 1, 1835
    12. To William Henry Channing, July 1841, July 1842, and no date
    13. On talk with Ellery Channing, August 28, 1842
    14. To Samuel Gray Ward [September 1839]
    15. To Samuel Gray Ward (?), no date
    16. On Anna Barker [October 1842]
    17. To Caroline Sturgis, January 10, 1839
    18. To Caroline Sturgis [1840?]
    19. To Harriet Martineau [circa November 1837]
    20. To her mother, September 5, 1837
    21. To Arthur Fuller, December 31, 1837
    22. To Richard Fuller, May 25, 1841
    23. On Emerson’s influence, no date
    24. To Ralph Waldo Emerson, January 7, 1839
    25. To Ralph Waldo Emerson, September 29, 1840
    26. To Ralph Waldo Emerson [October 1841?]
    27. On Lidian Emerson, September 2, 1842
    28. On marriages, September 4, 1842
    29. On changing assessment of Emerson, August 25, 1842
    30. To Elizabeth Peabody, December 26, 1844
    31. To Richard Fuller, March 2, 1845
    32. To James Nathan [May? 4? 1845]
    33. To James Nathan, May 9, 1945

Part III

The Transcendentalist: Teacher, Editor, Literary Critic

CONTEMPORARIES ON FULLER

    l. Her teaching in Providence, Anna Gale, 1838
    2. An afternoon with Fuller, Nathaniel Hawthorne, August 22, 1842
    3. Her writing and talk, Edgar Allan Poe, August 1846
    4. A satirical portrait, James Russell Lowell, 1848

FULLER’S WRITINGS

    5. On suspension of belief [1829-30]
    6. On mystical experience at twenty-one [1840]
    7. Credo, 1842
    8. To Richard Fuller, August 11, 1842
    9. On conversation with Alcott [circa 1837]
    10. On last day at Greene Street School [December 1838]
    11. Preface to Eckermann’s Conversations with Goethe, 1839
    12. On hopes for The Dial, 1840
    13. “American Literature,” 1846
    14. “Modern British Poets,” I 846
    15. “Miss Barrett’s Poems,” January 4, 1845
    16. “French Novelists of the Day,” February 1, 1845

Part IV

The Feminist

CONTEMPORARIES ON FULLER

    1. Her eighth Conversation [December 1839]
    2. Record of Conversation on March 22, 1841, Elizabeth Peabody
    3. Conversations for men and women, Elizabeth Peabody [April 1841]
    4. “Gorgeous Pedants,” Harriet Martineau [1877]
    5. Her influence on young women, Ednah Dow Cheney [1902]
    6. “The Great Lawsuit,” Sophia Peabody Hawthorne [July 1843]
    7. Woman in the Nineteenth Century, Edgar Allan Poe, August 1846
    8. Woman in the Nineteenth Century, Caroline Sturgis, March 4, 1845
    9. Woman in the Nineteenth Century, John Neal, March 4, 1845
    10. Her feminism, Horace Greeley [1852]

FULLER’S WRITINGS

    11. On first Conversation, second winter, November 8, 1840
    12. On abolition, to Maria Weston Chapman, December 26, 1840
    13. Woman in the Nineteenth Century [1845]
    14. On man and woman, no date

Part V

The Social Critic and Journalist

CONTEMPORARIES ON FULLER

    1. At Brook Farm, Georgiana Bruce Kirby [1887]
    2. Her Tribune writing and concern for prostitutes, Horace Greeley [1852]
    3. As a female journalist, “T.L.,” March 7, 1846
    4. Letter of introduction, Ralph Waldo Emerson, July 31, 1846

FULLER’S WRITINGS

    5. On American history [1833-34]
    6. On the Dorr rebellion, July 1842
    7. On communal experiments, October 18, 1840
    8. On an early stay at Brook Farm [1841]
    9. On return to Brook Farm [1842]
    10. Summer on the Lakes, in 1843 [1844]
    11. On visit to Sing Sing, October 20, 1844
    12. On talk to prisoners, December 25, 1844
    13. “Our City Charities,” March 19, 1845
    14. On The Narrative of Frederick Douglass, June 10, 1845
    15. On the United States Exploring Expedition, June 28, 1845
    16. “The Irish Character,” June 28, 1845
    17. “Children’s Books,” February 5, 1845
    18. On travel in England and Scotland, August 23, 1846 to [March 3, 1847]
    19. On meeting Carlyle [February 19, 1847]
    20. On the Carlyles and Mazzini, November 16, 1846
    21. On the English and French character and the Chamber of Deputies, December 1846 [and May 15, 1847]
    22. On famine, Fourier, and the Lyons weavers [May 15 and 29, 1847]
    23. On meeting George Sand, January 18 and March 17, 1847

Part VI

The Radical in Italy

CONTEMPORARIES ON FULLER

    1. Defense of her political work, James Russell Lowell, July 12, 1849
    2. In Rome with Ossoli, Emelyn Story [1852]
    3. Evenings in Florence, Frederick Gale, December 15 and 29, 1849
    4. In Florence with Ossoli, William Henry Hurlbut [1852]
    5. Her last year, Elizabeth Barrett Browning [1852]
    6. The question of her marriage, Ralph Waldo Emerson [1850-51]
    7. Chronology of her movements, Ralph Waldo Emerson [1850-51]
    8. Florentine gossip, Nathaniel Hawthorne, April 3, 1858
    9. Meditation on her meaning, Henry James [1903]

FULLER’S WRITINGS

    10. On Genoa and Naples [May 29, 1847)
    11. To Thomas Hicks, April 23, 1847
    12. On the high tide of the Pope’s popularity, May 1847
    13. To William Henry Channing, May 7, 1847
    14. On tributes to women in Italy, August 9, 1847
    15. To Caroline Sturgis, August 22, 1847
    16. On Austrian rule and need for revolution, October 1847
    17. On Rome and a National Guard for Florence, October 18, 1847
    18. To Richard Fuller, October 29, 1847
    19. To Ralph Waldo Emerson, December 20, 1847
    20. On Americans in Europe, abolitionists at home [January l, 1848]
    21. On a nun taking the veil, December 30, 1847
    22. To Caroline Sturgis Tappan, January 11, 1848
    23. To Costanza Arconati Visconti, January 14, 1848
    24. On Sicilian insurrection and Roman weather, January 1848
    25. On revolution in Paris and Milan, March 29, 1848
    26. To William Henry Channing, March 29, 1848
    27. On Mazzini’s return from exile, April 19, 1848
    28. On the Pope’s retreat from revolution, May 7 and 13, 1848
    29. To Ralph Waldo Emerson, May 19, 1848
    30. To Costanza Arconati Visconti, May 27, 1848
    31. To Giovanni Angelo Ossoli, August 22, 1848
    32. To Giovanni Angelo Ossoli, October 15, 1848
    33. On defeat in the north and Charles Albert, December 2, 1848
    34. To her mother, November 16, 1848
    35. On the Pope’s flight and the condition of women, December 2, 1848
    36. On the people’s response to the Pope’s absence, January 6 and February 20, 1849
    37. On the birth of the Roman Republic, February 20, 1849
    38. To Giuseppe Mazzini, March 3, 1849
    39. To Caroline Sturgis Tappan, March 16, 1849
    40. To Giovanni Angelo Ossoli, April 4, 1849
    41. On war in Rome, May 27, 1849
    42. To Ralph Waldo Emerson, June 10, 1849
    43. On the siege of Rome, June 21 and 23, 1849
    44. On Garibaldi’s retreat and the entry of the French, July 6 and 10, 1849
    45. To William Henry Channing, August 28, 1849
    46. To her mother [August 31, 1849] and [December 15? 1849]
    47. To Costanza Arconati Visconti [August 1849]
    48. To Ellen Channing, December 11, 1849
    49. To Marcus and Rebecca Spring, December 12, 1849
    50. To Caroline Sturgis Tappan [circa December 17, 1849]
    51. To William Henry Channing [circa late July 1849] and December 17, 1849
    52. To Emelyn and William Story, April 16 and May 10, 1850
    53. To Marcus Spring, June 3, 1850

Part VII

Supplement

CONTEMPORARIES ON FULLER

    1. Woman in the Nineteenth Century, Lydia Maria Child, February 15, 1845
    2. “Portrait of a Distinguished Authoress,” Edgar Allan Poe, March 8, 1845
    3. Summer on the Lakes and “Miss Fuller and Reformers,” Orestes A. Brownson, October 1844, and April 1845
    4. Woman in the Nineteenth Century, Catherine Maria Sedgwick, July 27, 1845
    5. Papers on Literature and Art, Walt Whitman, November 9, 1846
    6. “Stray Leaves from a Seamstress’s Journal,” October 1853
    7. On Wollstonecraft and Fuller and the Italian letters, George Eliot, October 13, 1855, and May 17, 1856
    8. “Margaret Fuller Ossoli,” Caroline Healey Dall, July 1860

FULLER’S WRITINGS

    9. “Lillo”: Outline of a (male) autobiographical romance [circa 1840]
    10. A woman of genius [circa autumn 1839]
    11. A nightmare and a dream [early 1839]
    12. To Caroline Sturgis, October 7, 1839
    13. To Caroline Sturgis, October 22, 1840
    14. “Bettine Brentano and Her Friend Günderode,” January 1842
    15. Dreaming with Anna, [October 30] 1842
    16. The journals of 1844: [May 1?] to September 8
    17. The last Tribune dispatches, August 31, 1849, November 15, 1849, and January 6, 1850

INDEX

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